George Orwell s 1984 And One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest

â€Å"The resort to fear by systems of power to discipline the domestic population has left a long and terrible trail of bloodshed and suffering which we ignore at our peril† (Chomsky). This is significant because it relates to both 1984 and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. Fear is used in both of these stories to discipline the domestic population and ends up being effective. These two novels are ran by totalitarian like structures. The characters are under a certain person s rule, creating the totalitarian government. In these societies, fear is used to gain power in these governments. The manipulation of fear is used in both 1984 and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest in the manner of which the authoritarians control every aspect of the character’s lives. In 1984 the manipulation of fear is used to brainwash the citizens of Oceania. This concept is used to make the people of the society believe in Big Brother and the government’s rules and also go against each other. With only one way to think and only one point of view, the citizens of Oceania are brainwashed into believing everything the people of the government are telling them. Big Brother is symbolized as the leader or â€Å"God† of this society which the people trust in. The citizens are basically forced to believe everything that they are told without questioning it or going against it because of fear of consequences. The Party brainwashes the people of Oceania to become loyal to them and not rebel. They also brainwash theShow MoreRelated A Tale of Four Novels1596 Words   |  7 Pagesto exterminate the bourgeoisie in order to gain freedom and get revenge at the same time. The central theme of man’s search for power is present in A Tale of Two Cities and i s recurring in many works of literature including Hamlet, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest and 1984. In A Tale of Two Cities the primary conflict is the revolution in which the proletariat aim to overthrow the bourgeoisie in an effort to gain freedom as they are oppressed and in a state of poverty. Dickens has previously stated

Muslim and Hindu Wedding Ceremony - Similarities and...

INTRODUCTION: The Islamic and Hindu religions have an array of similarities and differences regarding their customs and laws in relation to the ‘wedding ceremony’. Within Islam, the wedding ceremony is believed to be both a religious and social obligation to get married. As a result, there is a great weight placed on religious, social and cultural dimensions of the ceremony which tends to be simple in nature, paralleling Islamic beliefs. Hindus also place a lot of importance on marriage ceremonies which signify customs, rituals and elaborate celebrations. However, a key difference lies in the fact that Islamic marriages are seen as contractual agreements, whereas Hindu marriages are perceived to be sacrilegious. This essay compares†¦show more content†¦The Hindu service is performed by a male Brahmin priest (‘Pundit’), in accordance with the holy verses (‘mantras’) from the Vedas – the Hindu Holy Book. Often the ceremony can be conducted in Sanskrit which gets its roots from Hinduism and embraces a rich tradition of poetry as well as practical and philosophical texts. The Venue An Islamic wedding ceremony can take place in many places apart from a Mosque, even though a Mosque is highly preferred. Before the ceremony, the bride and groom should find out whether it’s possible to video and take photos of the event. Flowers and ornaments are not allowed in the Mosque even though the bride and groom are decorated with flowers for the service. If the ceremony takes place in a venue which isn’t a Mosque, the bride and groom have more freedom to decorate, providing they seek advice from the local ‘Imam’, of what is appropriate. The Hindu marriage usually takes in the bride’s hometown or city. The venue is generally a town or community hall, or a hotel, depending on the budget of the bride’s family. There are often blessings in the temple before or after the service. Wedding Attire Customarily, the Arab Muslim bride wears a simple white dress and veil, very similar to the Christian faith. An Asian Muslim bride however, is much more colourful and wears glittering clothes, plenty of jewellery and flower garlands around her. The hands and feet of the bride are often decorated with henna (‘Mehndi’). TheShow MoreRelatedEssay about Marriage Rituals Hinduism and Muslim1169 Words   |  5 Pagesfamilies. The foundations of memorable weddings are built on those that bring often-distant family and friends together for the occasion, while dressed in their most sophisticated attire, surrounded by elegant flowers, a night of dancing, captured through the lens of an exceptional photographer. Although Hinduism and Islam are two extremely distinctive religions, their matrimonial customs do share some comparable elements, like most other cultural wedding ceremonies. In both religions, they are devotedlyRead MoreIn This Essay, I Will Compare And Contrast Several C ultural1888 Words   |  8 PagesSaudi Arabia and Malaysia have many similarities and differences to each other, and this can be further explored in comparing and contrasting these two countries’ religions as well as marriage practices. Saudi Arabia’s government and religion is closely intertwined. Saudi Arabia is a monarchy whose king serves as head of state and head of government. The Qur’an serves as the constitution for Saudi Arabia. The Qur’an is the primary holy text of Islam which Muslims believe is the word of Allah, orRead MoreMy Experience With A Pakistani Wedding1515 Words   |  7 Pageswith a Pakistani wedding I was recently invited to a Pakistani wedding from a really close friend of mine whose sister was getting married, I happily accepted to go and looked forward to getting to know the traditional Pakistani wedding ceremonies. I come from a purely Indian background, my family used to live in Gujrat before they moved here 20 years ago and I have grown up with values of both the Indian and American culture. Throughout my life, I have attended many Indian weddings which are filledRead MoreCultural Values and Communication Norms: A Comparative Analysis of Two Cultures2017 Words   |  9 Pagesspecifically the Hindu culture and the culture of the largest ethnic group in Malaysia; the Malay culture, will be made. As we all know the Indian community in Malaysia is the smallest of the three main ethnic groups, accounting only 10% of the country’s population. Indians first came to Malaya when the barter trade started; beginning from traders coming from and to the former Straits Settlements of Singapore, Malacca and Penang. The Indians who came to Malaysia brought with them the Hindu culture suchRead MoreThe Cultural Construction of Gender and Sexuality2181 Words   |  9 Pagesthere teen years the boys are discharged fom the male village, are married to young women, and from that moment lead exclusively, heterosexual lives. The Role Of Gender In Society The Biological Differences Between Me and Women Shape vast behavoral differences. Gender Differences have been found-for both Humans and rats, in cravings: males Desire Protein and fat rich meat,and females desire chocolate. The Impact of the Feminist Perspective Margaret Mead discussed in her bookRead MoreCulture of India9032 Words   |  37 PagesCulture of India From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Bharatanatyam, one of eight designated classical dance forms of India. The culture of India refers to the religions, beliefs, customs, traditions, languages, ceremonies, arts, values and the way of life in India and its people. Indias languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food, and customs differ from place to place within the country. Its culture often labeled as an amalgamation of these diverse sub-culturesRead MoreComparative Study of Pakistan Chinese Cultures13385 Words   |  54 PagesThe ideology, ethics and living styles are compared with some examples and details. The architecture, food, arts and crafts, religion, education and festivals are elaborated in write detail to get the list of both cultures and to figure out the difference between two friendly boarder countries. It has been found that both courtiers have different religion ideologies and living styles but both share the same shades of love, harmony and respect for the elders. School of Management Northwestern PolytechnicalRead MoreMr Abdul Moeed5308 Words   |  22 Pageswho left in the late 1940s. The region has formed a distinct cultural unit within the main cultural complex of South Asia, the Middle East and Central Asia from the earliest times, and is analogous to Turkeys position in Eurasia.[1] There are differences in culture among the different ethnic groups in matters such as dress, food, and religion, especially where pre-Islamic customs differ from Islamic practices. Their cultural origins also reveal influences from far afield, including Tibet, NepalRead MoreA Theoretical Perspective on Dowry Deaths in India22724 Words   |  91 Pagesin-laws at the time of marriage, has been in practice since ancient times in India.[6]However, like many other customs, it has evolved over the course of centuries. Because a Hindu marriage is a sanskara or sacrament, the tenth ordained by the sacred scriptures of the Hindus, [7]an orthodox Hindu must marry. The Hindu scriptures recognized eight forms of marriage, four approved and four unapproved. The two leading forms of marriage were the Brahma and Asura forms. In the most common of the approvedRead MoreMarriage Guidance: Summary Notes19959 Words   |  80 Pagesunconscious, about how he/she should behave as a loving partner → Consider the way your partner wants to be loved Individual differences and their impact on the couple relationship Couples enter a relationship with a set of expectations based largely on their past experiences, and further determined by gender and ethnic differences. Gender Differences Similarities → Both have fundamental needs of self-esteem, survival, intimacy and growth → Both need the sense of having some control over

Project Report Project Management

Question: Discuss about the Project Report and Management. Answer: Introduction The purpose and objective of the project report for the Flying Rascals is to define the procedural matters in association with design, procurement and execution of the project. The project execution plan is developed by the project manager, after having consultation with the project team and client. The report describes the general procedure that is adopted for implementation of the project. The PEP is to be updated on regular basis by the team members and so it is not a static document. The project report is organized and structured to include the project execution plan based on the previous relevance report. The theories related to the same methodology have been presented in the report connecting to this domain. Further report includes the tools and techniques related to the same concept. The finally designed method is going to be tested against the evaluation strategies. Project Execution Plan Project Objectives and Priorities The project is the utilization of the information technology in the industry of the tour management, in the identified domain. The sponsor of the organization is Flying Rascals. The project is to assess the project requirements to achieve the objectives setting and identification of the domain. The list of the stakeholders as well as their influence of them over the requirement is explored in the project. The managers of the organization are to be involved for approving the requirement document (Goi, 2012). Flying Rascals camp offers unique camp experience, by letting them to discover their real and natural traits, by the young people. The organization offers great camping experience including the food (Sharf, 2014). The Happy Glamper provides the accommodation for the youngsters. The entire tour is planned with scheduled activity, along with meal courses. Campers have to arrange their own travel to the spot of the camping. Purpose One project execution plan is designed and developed, as it is expected to be enough for the project, rather than multiple plans. There are multiple sub-projects and business areas performed by multiple team members of the project. One team is employed in designing the layout and navigation of the website, other team is involved in the development. One more team is employed in understanding, updating the requirements of the customers. The purpose of this project execution plan is to make a road map to execute and implement the Flying Rascals project, with the help of day-today operations management and progress the project in control. Audience The intended audience for the project execution plan document are the internal project team of the organizations and also the management of the organization, as it is used as the reference for the future projects. It also becomes the reference for the other friendly organizations to refer the project to develop their own projects. Assumptions The following assumptions are made, before development of the project. The basic functionalities of the website are already existing and only new functionalities and applications are worked out to amend into the website application, in order to make the website, accessible through the mobile phones. It is assumed that the plan that is prepared once needs to go through much iteration to better the plan, before and during the tasks are performed. It is also assumed that the functionalities of the reference website are considered to be working and potential and the same are expected to be added, by customizing to the needs of the Flying Rascals website. Outputs The project outputs are expected to be the following. The website with new applications and functionalities The new mobile App compatible website adding with all the functionalities and apps Management Plan The operational management of the Flying Rascals website project is developed, in such a way that the total plans and tasks related to the organization and management of the project are briefed in the plan, so that the plan is very well executed, by the management and ensure that there are no deviations occurred during the implementation of the website. The management and sub-management plan include the reference groups, who have been allocated the roles and responsibilities, with respect to the objectives, functionalities and membership, etc. Consultants are allocated the task of exploring suggestions for developing the website development for Flying Rascals Camp. Work Breakdown Structure Planning 1. Plan the requirement and procedure for website development 2. Plan the requirement and procedure for mobile app development 3. Plan the requirement 4. Plan the overall execution plan Requirements 1. Requirements of the human resources 2. Requirements of the technologies 3. Requirements of the hardware 4. Requirements of the software 5. Requirements of the prototype Design Prototype for the website 1. Design the prototype 2. Correction and revision of the prototype 3. Re-design the prototype 4. Discuss with the project team 5. Make further corrections 6. Make the final design Design Prototype for the mobile App 1. Design the prototype 2. Correction and revision of the prototype 3. Re-design the prototype 4. Discuss with the project team 5. Make further corrections 6. Make the final design Develop the website 1. Design the layout 2. Develop the layout 3. Develop the functionalities 4. Integrate the functionalities Develop the App 1. Design the layout 2. Develop the layout 3. Develop the functionalities 4. Integrate the functionalities 5. Testing and Correction of the website 6. Testing and Correction of the App 7. Run 8. Close the project Critical Analysis The project is associated with many constraints and critical issues, in terms of selection of the database management system, web programming language, appropriate application platform, ERP modules, decision making software, data analytical tools, etc. With any project there will be critical issues, risk and uncertainties which could threaten achievement of the project objectives. The PEP should highlight these issues Roles and Responsibilities of Organizations The project domain is utilization of the information technology in tour management industry. Audit information is kept in detailed manner, in this domain of IT and web application management. The challenges are identified for the existing system to maintain proper information structuring, data management, query management, service attachment, etc. The system is going to be a new website to attain all record handling services, relevant to camp, payment management, member profile, booking, etc. Working parties are selected based on the knowledge, skill and experience they have in the similar domain of development of the website. Status Reporting The project manager drafts the status report and submits to the authorities of the organization at the weekends. The status report drafting is done by the project manager, by collecting the information or data from the team members, like reference groups, working parties and consultants. The status report of the project is drafted and submitted to the authorities, detailing information about, the last reporting period, the following reporting period and also for the rest or remaining period of the project left. The issue report should include the parameters, like Areas of concern, like the functionalities, applications, technology Specific problems, for example, how the new technology to be adopted and implemented Risk management report, in which the probable risks are to be noted, along with the mitigation and control plans to manage the risks affectively Resource Utilization The resources for the Flying Rascals Camp project are the human resources as the following. Project Manager, who is accountable from the commencement of the project till the end of the life of the project Working group, who is responsible to develop the functionalities and applications needed for the final project implementation Reference groups, who stand as the single point of contact for referring any kind of functionalities and applications that are to be developed Consultants, who are assigned with the roles and responsibilities for any kind of business operations related to the development of the website Project Strategy Research is conducted to collect the data, of certain size of sample data of respondents. Data is collected against the research questions and through random probability sampling process. Correlation analysis is used in the data analysis method and frequency of services. The user requirements are analyzed through regression analysis. Analysis is conducted with the help of web analytical tools, Facebook Analytics, Google Analytics, etc. Applications are analysed, by identifying people acceptance on certain criteria (Ebrahimi, et al., 2012). Analysis is also done for the behavioural patterns of the campers, through application analytics to decide the application for Flying Rascals promotion. Strategy used for project implementation is to explore and understand similar projects of website deployment to implement similar application (Catherine, et al., 2012). Project management plan to understand the project elements and post implementation review helps reviewing the final outcomes. Project report is used to record the lessons learnt during the project. Data analysis report is done to view the experience of the respondents. Theories There are several theories and models developed for the implementation of the project and it includes the TAM, MOPTAM, Mobile Services Acceptance Model. TAM The major theory identified to implement the project is the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model). The theory is selected against the challenges of the project, such as resistance to use newer technology (Perk Kim, 2014), migration to new system, perceived risks and increased cost, etc., including perceived ease of use of the existing technology. The project objective can be achieved through the adoption model, called Technology Adoption Model (TAM) for the mobile phone technology adoption model, mobile services, technology acceptance model, mobile services model and mobile services. TAM has applications in the adoption of the new system, based on the data collected and analysed after the research. Adoption factors analysed from the collected data helped to analyse the TAM. Figure: Applications of TAM in Flying Rascals Group MOPTAM The theory and model of MOPTAM is intended to apply and use to exploit the market segment of the mobile users through mobile technology and services (Kerzner, 20113). It is a combination of several approaches and theories including the Roger Diffusion Model, technology usage and unified theory. Mobile Service Acceptance Model It emphasizes two features, including efficiency with financial resource availability (Leung, Lee Law, 2012). The model empowers the companies management to increase instigate and likeabilitypoint of differentiation development in the customers minds. The database selected is Oracle and initially, some of the attributes are selected to be relevant and then the primary key elements. Then the database is normalized with suitable formats, to segregate the data towards effective operation. Then the application platform has to be selected according to the application to be executed. For the mobile application, the platform used must be Android software platform (Burke, 2013). However, there must be a best solution, which should make the application independent from the platform, so that the users would be able to access the application in any manner, through any platform. The application developed must be independent of the platform and has to be compatible for operating cross-platform operation accessible through HTML, JavaScript, JQuery and CSS. Tools and Techniques The application is developed through ERP modules and these modules are integrated with the database as the back end. The outputs, such as analysis documents, reports and others are produced by integrating the ERP modules that helped in making the structure and navigation of the website for the Flying Rascals. The interface is designed in such a way that the features of the ERP modules are best utilized and integrated with the application. ERP and database together are integrated in the application, so that interface is developed to make the best interface and navigation of the website. Analytical tools are used in terms of decision making tools so that strategic decisions made based on the requirement. The decisions are taken based on how the applications are utilized (Kleinschmidt, Rilov Gerlach, 2012). The decisions are also influenced by the feedback collected from the client and then promotion is carried out thorough advertising. Data analytical tools are used for analysing how the website is ranking by the search engines and to find day to day traffic statistics over the search engine. The analytical tools used are Google Mobile Analytics, Flurry, Amplitude, Apsalar, Apple App Analytics, Appsee, Countly, etc. and most of these tools are available as open source and are compatible with Windows operating system (Goi, 2012). The analysis is taken as reference and study is conducted for the outcomes in terms of migration of website and technology acceptance model. The analysis extracted by these tools is used successfully to identify the integration process in retention analysis, integration process and estimation of generated revenue. Description of Artifacts Meta-artifacts requirement and meta-systems design theory is implied in the project of Flying Rascals Campaign and the collected concept is called the meta-artefacts. These artifacts do relate both the internal and external environments. Meta-artifacts involve the procedures of adding the opinions of the researchers at each of its four layers, synthetically, analytically and technically. The research for the study and the re-innovation of the production procedure can be expressed with the meta-artifacts towards enhancing the productivity of the project and so the organization. Meta-artifacts are the novel methods and enhance the productivity, requiring less time and efforts and they act as a link connecting the operation and marketing activities. The final decision factor taken affects the activities of the functions and operations to have pertinent affect to the business activities. The project, flying rascals camp extract the meta-artifacts in a way of how a system should be built to digitalize the entire business activities and how one project and one effort can be mutually influenced with many factors and departments in a business organization. During this scientific investigation and implementation of the project, it is learnt and revealed that the enhancement and development of the business is quite a task that needs considerations of the factors and parameters, as done, while the business was commenced. Each stage and phase of the project has revealed the artifact that enhancement of the website and the enhancement of the business operations include development of not just one aspect or department of the business, but development of the entire operations and all the departments of the business organizations, towards completeness of the project and moving towards an in-sync with the visions and missions of the organization. Testing and Evaluation Strategies The new application developed is tested and evaluated using various strategies. The best strategy that has been implemented is the customer survey. The new system is exposed and given access to the existing customers, for three months of duration. At the end of the three months, all the customers are considered for the survey. The survey included the questionnaire, in which all the relevant questions are kept in the homepage of the website. The responses collected from them are analysed and categorised according to various parameters and these parameters are set to be key developing points for the evaluation. The document has been helpful for the approval of the requirement of the project. The newly developed website with new elements, applications and features should get introduced to the important stakeholders, the customers of the organization and so a new training manual is developed and released to encourage the usage of the new system migrated from the existing one. It helps the management as well as the customers to understand and use the new controls and functionalities of the application developed (Leung, Lee Law, 2012). The pilot project now takes the customers as a part of it and they could interact better with the new system. And the usage of the new system need technical assistant, so that the necessary support can be provided to help the customers. Finally, the project report is prepared to record the project execution plan, along with the lessons learnt, so that it can become reference for further projects to help execute the similar tasks more effectively and efficiently (Sterling et al. 2012). Finally, the report is developed for the data analysis so that the views and experience of the respondents are recorded and used in the right ways. Conclusion The Flying Rascals Camp project with an objective of enhancing the website is presented with a detailed project execution plan. The project execution plan describes all the tasks and operations of the project in detail and in the way addressing the objectives, priorities, project purpose, audience, assumptions, outputs. The plan has detailed about the management plan, which needs to be followed, during the execution of the project and critical analysis is made as well. The organization is addressed of what are its roles and responsibilities, with reference to the project. The resources and the way they are utilized are addressed along with the project strategy and the reporting structure and details. The project report includes the theories of TAM and MOPTAM to tap the website as well as the mobile users. The detailed theory has been described of how TAM is going to be used and utilized in the project. Finally the artifacts, or findings from the project are addressed along with the evaluation strategies and procedures, through which the success of the project can be gauged. What went well in the project? The allocation of the roles and responsibilities allocated to the team members of the project has been done effectively and eventually, the respective roles and responsibilities are done effectively. The project management plan has been prepared well and updated time to time based on the dynamics of the project. What could be improved? The team has worked and gave good efforts to perform their own roles and responsibilities assigned to them. However, the idle time of the team is considerably more. The human resources could have been used less optimally. Though the tasks were in queue and some team members were busy during those periods of time, the overall idle time of the human resources is more. What could be done? If the human resources have been used optimally, the project could have been completed before the deadline of the project. On the other hand, the human resources allocation could have been done, in such a way that they are hired, only when they are assigned the tasks to perform. What is not in your control? There were certain emergencies occurred during the schedule of the project, so considerably time is wasted. Though all the human resources and physical resources were available, tasks could not be performed at all, during the emergency period. This situation was not in our control. Summary of work done based on reports, submitted during the semester The project has helped me and the team to perform the project tasks in a structured and scientific ways. The preparation of the report has made me to build with the composition of the data related to the project in a structured manner. The project and its report have made me to build and acquaint the skills of the project management. Reference Burke, R. (2013).Project management: planning and control techniques. New Jersey, USA. Catherine, H. Y., Parsons, J., Mamdani, M., Lebovic, G., Shah, B. R., Bhattacharyya, O., ... Straus, S. E. (2012). Designing and evaluating a web-based self-management site for patients with type 2 diabetes-systematic website development and study protocol.BMC medical informatics and decision making,12(1), 1. Cattani, G., Ferriani, S., Frederiksen, L. and Florian, T. (2011) Project-Based Organizing and Strategic Management, Advances in Strategic Management, Vol 28, Emerald, David I. Cleland, Roland Gareis (2006).Global Project Management Handbook. "Chapter 1: "The evolution of project management". McGraw-Hill Professional Dennis Lock (2007)Project Management(9th ed.) Gower Publishing, Ltd., Ebrahimi, M., Daneshtalab, M., Farahnakian, F., Plosila, J., Liljeberg, P., Palesi, M., Tenhunen, H. (2012, May). HARAQ: congestion-aware learning model for highly adaptive routing algorithm in on-chip networks. InNetworks on Chip (NoCS), 2012 Sixth IEEE/ACM International Symposium on(pp. 19-26). IEEE. Goi, C. L. (2012). The impact of website development on organisation performance: Malaysia's perspective.African Journal of Business Management,6(7), 2435. Harold Kerzner(2003).Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling(8th ed.). Wiley. Joseph Phillips (2003).PMP Project Management Professional Study Guide. McGraw-Hill Professional, Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Kleinschmidt, U., Rilov, S., Gerlach, U. (2012).U.S. Patent Application No. 13/570,037. Leung, D. H., Lee, A., Law, R. (2012). Examining hotel managers acceptance of Web 2.0 in website development: a case study of Hotels in Hong Kong.Social Media in Travel, Tourism and Hospitality: Theory, Practice and Cases (ed. M. Sigala, E. Christou and U. Gretzel), 53-68. Martin Stevens (2002).Project Management Pathways. Association for Project Management. APM Publishing Limited Park, E., Kim, K. J. (2014). An integrated adoption model of mobile cloud services: exploration of key determinants and extension of technology acceptance model.Telematics and Informatics,31(3), 376-385. Paul C. Dinsmore et al (2005)The right projects done right!John Wiley and Sons Peter Nathan, Gerald Everett Jones (2003).PMP certification for dummies PMI(2010).A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge Sharf, R. S. (2014).Applying career development theory to counseling. Brooks/Cole. Sterling, L., Nyhofà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Young, J., Blanchette, V. S., Breakey, V. R. (2012). Exploring internet needs and use among adolescents with haemophilia: a website development project.Haemophilia,18(2), 216-221. Young-Hoon Kwak (2005). "A brief History of Project Management". In:The story of managing projects. Elias G. Carayannis et al. (9 eds), Greenwood Publishing Group

Investigate the Strength of Straw Essay Example

Investigate the Strength of Straw Essay The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the relationship between the number of straw used and the strength of straw when weigh is constant. First and foremost, experiment was started by using one straw. The initial reading from the pointer was taken before the masses were suspended. Then, the slotted mass carrier together with constant masses in detail, 1000g, was suspended at the straw. As the result, the pointer will give the new reading. That reading was taken as the final reading. Step 2-5 was repeated for vary number of straws. Based to the theory, when we stretched it, we are trying to overcome the intermolecular bonds between the molecules. At the same time we are also trying to change the position of molecules that are held together by the intermolecular bonds. With vary number of straws; its strength also will increase. What we realized after conducting this experiment is once the number of straw increases as the result the length of stretched straw will decrease due to the constant weigh. While, when the length of stretched straw decreases; the strength of straw will increase. This is mean; the number of straw used is proportional to the strength of straw when weigh is constant. Actually we decide our hypothesis based to the theory below; While for the straw itself, when we stretched it, we are trying to overcome the intermolecular bonds between the molecules. At the same time we are also trying to change the position of molecules that are held together by the intermolecular bonds. With vary number of straws; its strength also will increase. Theory: Term such as strength, stiffness and toughness are used in a special way by physicists. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigate the Strength of Straw specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Investigate the Strength of Straw specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Investigate the Strength of Straw specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Strength refers to the quality or state of being strong, in particular the capacity of an object or substance to withstand great force or pressure. While stiff or stiffness means small strains for large stresses (large Young modulus); not stretchy or bendy. Tough or toughness means undergoes considerable plastic deformation before it breaks. Consequently, tough materials absorb a great deal of energy before they break. In the experiment, when choosing a material it is always important to consider how the material behave under the conditions in which it will be used. For example, concrete is very strong under compression, but is weak in tension, where it breaks by brittle fracture as cracks open up. Aluminum has a similar stiffness to glass, but glass is usually brittle and shatters for very small strains whereas aluminum undergoes plastic deformation before breaking. In other word it is tough. While for the straw itself, when we stretched it, we are trying to overcome the intermolecular bonds between the molecules. At the same time we are also trying to change the position of molecules that are held together by the intermolecular bonds. With vary number of straws; its strength also will increase. After carried out this experiment, we realized that our prediction is correct. Once the number of straw increases as the result the length of stretched straw will decrease due to the constant weigh. While, when the length of stretched straw decreases; the strength of straw will increase. This is mean; the number of straw used is proportional to the strength of straw when weigh is constant. Or, in equation form; a b, where: a = Number of straw used b = The strength of straw. According to the result, what we can say is there are some weaknesses in running the experiment. Obviously, this thing we can see in the second trial. More specifically for the 2 straws and 3 straws. There is just little difference between the lengths. This thing cant happen because logically when the number of straw increase as the result the length of straw should be drastically increase too. All these weaknesses occurred due to some reasons: 1. This thing might happen in virtue of our mistake while taking the readings from meter ruler. We should be careful because the parallax error and zero error might occur while taking the reading. 2. Besides that, the effects of a change in surroundings might also affect the result of this experiment. It might in the form of sunlight, wave, water moisture and so forth. 3. Apart from that, many laboratory apparatus that we used is in dissatisfied condition and already outdated. For example, we realized that the scale meter ruler is not accurate or precise than it supposed to be. 4. The observer being less than perfect in the same way every measurement. There are several ways to overcome these problems from occurred again. We can prevent it by making some improvements: 1. First and foremost, try to avoid mistake while taking the readings from the measurement device. We should realize that parallax and zero error can occur while taking the measurement of the length of stretched straw. 2. Besides that, in order to get an accurate result we should use the laboratory apparatus which in the best condition. 3. We also can repeat this experiment may be for 3 or 5 times in order to obtain an accurate result. This is because we can avoid random errors. 4. We also need to be more careful and cautious in running this experiment. Conclusion: 1. Hypothesis is valid and accepted. 2. After running this experiment, we realized that once the number of straw increases as the result the length of stretched straw will decrease due to the constant weigh. While, when the length of stretched straw decreases; the strength of straw will increase. This is mean; the number of straw used is proportional to the strength of straw when weigh is constant.